Introduction
What is the course about?
- The practice of software development
All the things you need to know to
- Figure out what a system should do (requirements)
- Define and analyze the problem (analysis)
- Design a system to solve the problem (design)
- Implement the design (implementation)
- Ensure the quality of the implementation (testing, code review)
- Work in a team
- Planning and estimation (how long will it take?)
The course will focus on object-oriented software development
- The techniques can be adapted for non object-oriented languages
Course will emphasize agile software development
- Agile software development is an incremental development process
- Develop the system a little bit at a time
- The idea is to make steady progress
- The system is stable and functional at all times
- Don't wait until the end of the project to "see if it works"
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
The course will focus on object-oriented software construction using an object-oriented language.
"Object-oriented" means that the software is a collection of objects that interact with each other.
An object is an instance of a class.
A class is a user-defined data type: like a struct in C.
A class defines
fields (member variables): a collection of variables that each object that is an instance of the class will possess
methods (member functions): define the behavior of the objects that are instances of the class
The key to developing good object-oriented software is figuring out what objects/classes you need, and what the behavior of those objects/classes should be!
In other words, the important thing is WHAT objects do, not HOW they do it
This is the distinction between design and implementation:
Design is figuring out WHAT the objects should do — their behavior
Implementation is taking the desired behavior and figuring out HOW the behavior should be accomplished
This course focuses mainly on the design (the WHAT), although the implementation (the HOW) will also be very important since you are required to build a system!
