Exam 2 - Oct 29, 2024
Study Guide
Sockets
- Definition: Endpoints for data exchange in networks.
- TCP: Connection-oriented, reliable, ordered delivery.
- UDP: Connectionless, faster, no delivery guarantees.
TCP vs. UDP Services
- TCP: Reliable delivery, flow control, stream-oriented.
- UDP: Lightweight, fast, suitable for real-time applications.
Network Layer Protocol Services
- Packet forwarding, routing, logical addressing, fragmentation, and error handling.
Key Functions of Network Layer Protocol
- Packet routing, logical addressing, fragmentation/reassembly, error detection.
IP Addressing and CIDR
- IP Addressing: Unique addresses for devices.
- CIDR: Prefix notation (e.g., /24) for efficient IP allocation.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
- Operation: Automatically assigns IP addresses.
- Steps: Discovery, Offer, Request, Acknowledgment (DORA).
Routing Forwarding Table
- Identify destinations, determine next hops, update based on protocols.
TTL (Time to Live)
- Device: Routers; prevents packet looping by limiting packet lifespan.
IPv4 vs. IPv6
- IPv4: 32-bit, ~4.3 billion addresses.
- IPv6: 128-bit, vast address space; bridging methods include tunneling and dual-stack.
Switching Fabric
- Definition: Internal architecture for data transfer in switches.
- Types: Crossbar, shared memory, output-queued.
IP Fragmentation and Reassembly
- Fragmentation: Splitting packets for smaller MTUs.
- Reassembly: Combining fragments at the destination.
NAT, UPnP, and SSDP
- NAT: Translates private to public IP addresses.
- UPnP: Automatic discovery/configuration of devices.
- SSDP: Protocol for device discovery in UPnP.
Exam Guidelines
- Format: Exams will be open-book and closed-notes.
- Duration: Each exam will last approximately 60 minutes and will take place at the beginning of the class period.
- Content: Exams may include a programming component, as well as practical exercises using Wireshark for network analysis. The latter half of the class may be dedicated to instruction and/or laboratory work.
- Number of Exams: A total of four exams will be administered, with the lowest score being dropped.
- Make-Up Exams: Make-up exams will only be granted with prior approval from the instructor, except in cases of extreme emergency or illness, which must be documented.
